docker-build(1)



DOCKER(1)                          JUNE 2014                         DOCKER(1)

NAME
       docker-build - Build an image from a Dockerfile

SYNOPSIS
       docker build [--add-host[=[]]] [--build-arg[=[]]] [--cache-from[=[]]]
       [--cpu-shares[=0]] [--cgroup-parent[=CGROUP-PARENT]] [--help]
       [--iidfile[=CIDFILE]] [-f|--file[=PATH/Dockerfile]] [-squash]
       Experimental [--force-rm] [--isolation[=default]] [--label[=[]]]
       [--no-cache] [--pull] [--compress] [-q|--quiet] [--rm[=true]]
       [-t|--tag[=[]]] [-m|--memory[=MEMORY]] [--memory-swap[=LIMIT]]
       [--network[="default"]] [--shm-size[=SHM-SIZE]] [--cpu-period[=0]]
       [--cpu-quota[=0]] [--cpuset-cpus[=CPUSET-CPUS]]
       [--cpuset-mems[=CPUSET-MEMS]] [--target[=[]]] [--ulimit[=[]]] PATH |
       URL | -

DESCRIPTION
       This will read the Dockerfile from the directory specified in PATH.  It
       also sends any other files and directories found in the current
       directory to the Docker daemon. The contents of this directory would be
       used by ADD commands found within the Dockerfile.

       Warning, this will send a lot of data to the Docker daemon depending on
       the contents of the current directory. The build is run by the Docker
       daemon, not by the CLI, so the whole context must be transferred to the
       daemon.  The Docker CLI reports "Sending build context to Docker
       daemon" when the context is sent to the daemon.

       When the URL to a tarball archive or to a single Dockerfile is given,
       no context is sent from the client to the Docker daemon. In this case,
       the Dockerfile at the root of the archive and the rest of the archive
       will get used as the context of the build.  When a Git repository is
       set as the URL, the repository is cloned locally and then sent as the
       context.

OPTIONS
       -f, --file=PATH/Dockerfile
          Path to the Dockerfile to use. If the path is a relative path and
       you are
          building from a local directory, then the path must be relative to
       that
          directory. If you are building from a remote URL pointing to either
       a
          tarball or a Git repository, then the path must be relative to the
       root of
          the remote context. In all cases, the file must be within the build
       context.
          The default is Dockerfile.

       --squash=true|false
          Experimental Only
          Once the image is built, squash the new layers into a new image with
       a single
          new layer. Squashing does not destroy any existing image, rather it
       creates a new
          image with the content of the squashed layers. This effectively
       makes it look
          like all Dockerfile commands were created with a single layer. The
       build
          cache is preserved with this method.

       Note: using this option means the new image will not be able to take
          advantage of layer sharing with other images and may use
       significantly more
          space.

       Note: using this option you may see significantly more space used due
       to
          storing two copies of the image, one for the build cache with all
       the cache
          layers in tact, and one for the squashed version.

       --add-host=[]
          Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)

       Add a line to /etc/hosts. The format is hostname:ip.  The --add-host
       option can be set multiple times.

       --build-arg=variable
          name and value of a buildarg.

       For example, if you want to pass a value for http_proxy, use
          --build-arg=http_proxy="http://some.proxy.url"

       Users pass these values at build-time. Docker uses the buildargs as the
          environment context for command(s) run via the Dockerfile's RUN
       instruction
          or for variable expansion in other Dockerfile instructions. This is
       not meant
          for passing secret values. Read more about the buildargs instruction
       <https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/#arg>

       --cache-from=""
          Set image that will be used as a build cache source.

       --force-rm=true|false
          Always remove intermediate containers, even after unsuccessful
       builds. The default is false.

       --isolation="default"
          Isolation specifies the type of isolation technology used by
       containers.

       --label=label
          Set metadata for an image

       --no-cache=true|false
          Do not use cache when building the image. The default is false.

       --iidfile=""
          Write the image ID to the file

       --help
         Print usage statement

       --pull=true|false
          Always attempt to pull a newer version of the image. The default is
       false.

       --compress=true|false
           Compress the build context using gzip. The default is false.

       -q, --quiet=true|false
          Suppress the build output and print image ID on success. The default
       is false.

       --rm=true|false
          Remove intermediate containers after a successful build. The default
       is true.

       -t, --tag=""
          Repository names (and optionally with tags) to be applied to the
       resulting
          image in case of success. Refer to docker-tag(1) for more
       information
          about valid tag names.

       -m, --memory=MEMORY
         Memory limit

       --memory-swap=LIMIT
          A limit value equal to memory plus swap. Must be used with the  -m
       (--memory) flag. The swap LIMIT should always be larger than -m
       (--memory) value.

       The format of LIMIT is <number>[<unit>]. Unit can be b (bytes), k
       (kilobytes), m (megabytes), or g (gigabytes). If you don't specify a
       unit, b is used. Set LIMIT to -1 to enable unlimited swap.

       --network=bridge
         Set the networking mode for the RUN instructions during build.
       Supported standard
         values are: bridge, host, none and container:<name|id>. Any other
       value
         is taken as a custom network's name or ID which this container should
       connect to.

       --shm-size=SHM-SIZE
         Size of /dev/shm. The format is <number><unit>. number must be
       greater than 0.
         Unit is optional and can be b (bytes), k (kilobytes), m (megabytes),
       or g (gigabytes). If you omit the unit, the system uses bytes.
         If you omit the size entirely, the system uses 64m.

       --cpu-shares=0
         CPU shares (relative weight).

       By default, all containers get the same proportion of CPU cycles.
         CPU shares is a 'relative weight', relative to the default setting of
       1024.
         This default value is defined here:

                 cat /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu/cpu.shares
                 1024

       You can change this proportion by adjusting the container's CPU share
         weighting relative to the weighting of all other running containers.

       To modify the proportion from the default of 1024, use the --cpu-shares
         flag to set the weighting to 2 or higher.

                Container   CPU share    Flag
                {C0}        60% of CPU  --cpu-shares=614 (614 is 60% of 1024)
                {C1}        40% of CPU  --cpu-shares=410 (410 is 40% of 1024)

       The proportion is only applied when CPU-intensive processes are
       running.
         When tasks in one container are idle, the other containers can use
       the
         left-over CPU time. The actual amount of CPU time used varies
       depending on
         the number of containers running on the system.

       For example, consider three containers, where one has --cpu-shares=1024
       and
         two others have --cpu-shares=512. When processes in all three
         containers attempt to use 100% of CPU, the first container would
       receive
         50% of the total CPU time. If you add a fourth container with
       --cpu-shares=1024,
         the first container only gets 33% of the CPU. The remaining
       containers
         receive 16.5%, 16.5% and 33% of the CPU.

                Container   CPU share   Flag                CPU time
                {C0}        100%        --cpu-shares=1024   33%
                {C1}        50%         --cpu-shares=512    16.5%
                {C2}        50%         --cpu-shares=512    16.5%
                {C4}        100%        --cpu-shares=1024   33%

       On a multi-core system, the shares of CPU time are distributed across
       the CPU
         cores. Even if a container is limited to less than 100% of CPU time,
       it can
         use 100% of each individual CPU core.

       For example, consider a system with more than three cores. If you start
       one
         container {C0} with --cpu-shares=512 running one process, and another
       container
         {C1} with --cpu-shares=1024 running two processes, this can result in
       the following
         division of CPU shares:

                PID    container    CPU    CPU share
                100    {C0}         0      100% of CPU0
                101    {C1}         1      100% of CPU1
                102    {C1}         2      100% of CPU2

       --cpu-period=0
         Limit the CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period.

       Limit the container's CPU usage. This flag causes the kernel to
       restrict the
         container's CPU usage to the period you specify.

       --cpu-quota=0
         Limit the CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota.

       By default, containers run with the full CPU resource. This flag causes
       the kernel to restrict the container's CPU usage to the quota you
       specify.

       --cpuset-cpus=CPUSET-CPUS
         CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1).

       --cpuset-mems=CPUSET-MEMS
         Memory nodes (MEMs) in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1). Only
       effective on
         NUMA systems.

       For example, if you have four memory nodes on your system (0-3), use
       --cpuset-mems=0,1 to ensure the processes in your Docker container only
       use memory from the first two memory nodes.

       --cgroup-parent=CGROUP-PARENT
         Path to cgroups under which the container's cgroup are created.

       If the path is not absolute, the path is considered relative to the
       cgroups path of the init process.  Cgroups are created if they do not
       already exist.

       --target=""
          Set the target build stage name.

       --ulimit=[]
         Ulimit options

       For more information about ulimit see Setting ulimits in a container
       <https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/run/#set-ulimits-
       in-container---ulimit>

EXAMPLES
Building an image using a Dockerfile located inside the current directory
       Docker images can be built using the build command and a Dockerfile:

              docker build .

       During the build process Docker creates intermediate images. In order
       to keep them, you must explicitly set --rm=false.

              docker build --rm=false .

       A good practice is to make a sub-directory with a related name and
       create the Dockerfile in that directory. For example, a directory
       called mongo may contain a Dockerfile to create a Docker MongoDB image.
       Likewise, another directory called httpd may be used to store
       Dockerfiles for Apache web server images.

       It is also a good practice to add the files required for the image to
       the sub-directory. These files will then be specified with the COPY or
       ADD instructions in the Dockerfile.

       Note: If you include a tar file (a good practice), then Docker will
       automatically extract the contents of the tar file specified within the
       ADD instruction into the specified target.

Building an image and naming that image
       A good practice is to give a name to the image you are building. Note
       that only a-z0-9-_. should be used for consistency.  There are no hard
       rules here but it is best to give the names consideration.

       The -t/--tag flag is used to rename an image. Here are some examples:

       Though it is not a good practice, image names can be arbitrary:

              docker build -t myimage .

       A better approach is to provide a fully qualified and meaningful
       repository, name, and tag (where the tag in this context means the
       qualifier after the ":"). In this example we build a JBoss image for
       the Fedora repository and give it the version 1.0:

              docker build -t fedora/jboss:1.0 .

       The next example is for the "whenry" user repository and uses Fedora
       and JBoss and gives it the version 2.1 :

              docker build -t whenry/fedora-jboss:v2.1 .

       If you do not provide a version tag then Docker will assign latest:

              docker build -t whenry/fedora-jboss .

       When you list the images, the image above will have the tag latest.

       You can apply multiple tags to an image. For example, you can apply the
       latest tag to a newly built image and add another tag that references a
       specific version.  For example, to tag an image both as
       whenry/fedora-jboss:latest and whenry/fedora-jboss:v2.1, use the
       following:

              docker build -t whenry/fedora-jboss:latest -t whenry/fedora-jboss:v2.1 .

       So renaming an image is arbitrary but consideration should be given to
       a useful convention that makes sense for consumers and should also take
       into account Docker community conventions.

Building an image using a URL
       This will clone the specified GitHub repository from the URL and use it
       as context. The Dockerfile at the root of the repository is used as
       Dockerfile. This only works if the GitHub repository is a dedicated
       repository.

              docker build github.com/scollier/purpletest

       Note: You can set an arbitrary Git repository via the git:// scheme.

Building an image using a URL to a tarball'ed context
       This will send the URL itself to the Docker daemon. The daemon will
       fetch the tarball archive, decompress it and use its contents as the
       build context.  The Dockerfile at the root of the archive and the rest
       of the archive will get used as the context of the build. If you pass
       an -f PATH/Dockerfile option as well, the system will look for that
       file inside the contents of the tarball.

              docker build -f dev/Dockerfile https://10.10.10.1/docker/context.tar.gz

       Note: supported compression formats are 'xz', 'bzip2', 'gzip' and
       'identity' (no compression).

Specify isolation technology for container (--isolation)
       This option is useful in situations where you are running Docker
       containers on Windows. The --isolation=<value> option sets a
       container's isolation technology. On Linux, the only supported is the
       default option which uses Linux namespaces. On Microsoft Windows, you
       can specify these values:

              o default: Use the value specified by the Docker daemon's
                --exec-opt . If the daemon does not specify an isolation
                technology, Microsoft Windows uses process as its default
                value.

              o process: Namespace isolation only.

              o hyperv: Hyper-V hypervisor partition-based isolation.

       Specifying the --isolation flag without a value is the same as setting
       --isolation="default".

HISTORY
       March 2014, Originally compiled by William Henry (whenry at redhat dot
       com) based on docker.com source material and internal work.  June 2014,
       updated by Sven Dowideit <SvenDowideit@home.org.au> June 2015, updated
       by Sally O'Malley <somalley@redhat.com>

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