mdig(1)



MDIG(1)                             BIND 9                             MDIG(1)

NAME
       mdig - DNS pipelined lookup utility

SYNOPSIS
       mdig  {@server}  [-f  filename]  [-h] [-v] [ [-4] | [-6] ] [-m] [-b ad-
       dress] [-p port#] [-c class] [-t type] [-i] [-x addr] [plusopt...]

       mdig {-h}

       mdig [@server] {global-opt...} { {local-opt...} {query} ...}

DESCRIPTION
       mdig is a multiple/pipelined query version of dig: instead  of  waiting
       for  a  response  after  sending  each  query, it begins by sending all
       queries. Responses are displayed in the order in  which  they  are  re-
       ceived, not in the order the corresponding queries were sent.

       mdig  options  are  a  subset  of the dig options, and are divided into
       "anywhere options" which can occur  anywhere,  "global  options"  which
       must  occur before the query name (or they are ignored with a warning),
       and "local options" which apply to the next query on the command line.

       The @server option is a mandatory global option. It is the name  or  IP
       address of the name server to query. (Unlike dig, this value is not re-
       trieved from /etc/resolv.conf.) It can  be  an  IPv4  address  in  dot-
       ted-decimal notation, an IPv6 address in colon-delimited notation, or a
       hostname. When the supplied server argument is  a  hostname,  mdig  re-
       solves that name before querying the name server.

       mdig  provides  a number of query options which affect the way in which
       lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of these set or  reset
       flag bits in the query header, some determine which sections of the an-
       swer get printed, and others determine the timeout  and  retry  strate-
       gies.

       Each  query  option  is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
       (+). Some keywords set or reset an option. These may be preceded by the
       string  no to negate the meaning of that keyword. Other keywords assign
       values to options like the timeout interval. They have the  form  +key-
       word=value.

ANYWHERE OPTIONS
       The  -f  option  makes  mdig operate in batch mode by reading a list of
       lookup requests to process from the file filename. The file contains  a
       number of queries, one per line. Each entry in the file should be orga-
       nized in the same way they would be presented as queries to mdig  using
       the command-line interface.

       The -h causes mdig to print the detailed help with the full list of op-
       tions and exit.

       The -v causes mdig to print the version number and exit.

GLOBAL OPTIONS
       The -4 option forces mdig to only use IPv4 query transport.

       The -6 option forces mdig to only use IPv6 query transport.

       The -b option sets the source IP address of the query to address.  This
       must  be  a  valid  address  on one of the host's network interfaces or
       "0.0.0.0" or "::". An optional  port  may  be  specified  by  appending
       "#<port>"

       The -m option enables memory usage debugging.

       The -p option is used when a non-standard port number is to be queried.
       port# is the port number that mdig will send its queries instead of the
       standard  DNS  port number 53. This option would be used to test a name
       server that has been configured to listen for queries on a non-standard
       port number.

       The global query options are:

       +[no]additional
              Display  [do not display] the additional section of a reply. The
              default is to display it.

       +[no]all
              Set or clear all display flags.

       +[no]answer
              Display [do not display] the answer section of a reply. The  de-
              fault is to display it.

       +[no]authority
              Display  [do  not display] the authority section of a reply. The
              default is to display it.

       +[no]besteffort
              Attempt to display the contents of messages which are malformed.
              The default is to not display malformed answers.

       +[no]cl
              Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the record.

       +[no]comments
              Toggle  the  display of comment lines in the output. The default
              is to print comments.

       +[no]continue
              Continue on errors (e.g. timeouts).

       +[no]crypto
              Toggle the display of cryptographic fields  in  DNSSEC  records.
              The contents of these field are unnecessary to debug most DNSSEC
              validation failures and removing them makes it easier to see the
              common  failures.  The  default  is  to display the fields. When
              omitted they are replaced by the string "[omitted]"  or  in  the
              DNSKEY  case the key id is displayed as the replacement, e.g. "[
              key id = value ]".

       +dscp[=value]
              Set the DSCP code point to be used when sending the query. Valid
              DSCP  code  points  are in the range [0..63]. By default no code
              point is explicitly set.

       +[no]multiline
              Print records like the SOA records in a verbose multi-line  for-
              mat  with  human-readable comments. The default is to print each
              record on a single line, to facilitate machine  parsing  of  the
              mdig output.

       +[no]question
              Print [do not print] the question section of a query when an an-
              swer is returned. The default is to print the  question  section
              as a comment.

       +[no]rrcomments
              Toggle the display of per-record comments in the output (for ex-
              ample, human-readable key information about DNSKEY records). The
              default is not to print record comments unless multiline mode is
              active.

       +[no]short
              Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the answer in  a
              verbose form.

       +split=W
              Split  long  hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource records
              into chunks of W characters (where W is rounded up to the  near-
              est multiple of 4). +nosplit or +split=0 causes fields not to be
              split at all. The default is 56  characters,  or  44  characters
              when multiline mode is active.

       +[no]tcp
              Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default be-
              havior is to use UDP.

       +[no]ttlid
              Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the record.

       +[no]ttlunits
              Display [do not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable time
              units of "s", "m", "h", "d", and "w", representing seconds, min-
              utes, hours, days and weeks. Implies +ttlid.

       +[no]vc
              Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This  alternate
              syntax  to +[no]tcp is provided for backwards compatibility. The
              "vc" stands for "virtual circuit".

LOCAL OPTIONS
       The -c option sets the query class to class. It can be any valid  query
       class which is supported in BIND 9. The default query class is "IN".

       The  -t  option  sets the query type to type. It can be any valid query
       type which is supported in BIND 9. The default query type is  "A",  un-
       less  the  -x  option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup with the
       "PTR" query type.

       Reverse lookups MDASH mapping addresses to names MDASH  are  simplified
       by  the  -x option. addr is an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation,
       or a colon-delimited IPv6 address. mdig automatically performs a lookup
       for  a query name like 11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa and sets the query type
       and class to PTR and IN respectively. By default,  IPv6  addresses  are
       looked up using nibble format under the IP6.ARPA domain.

       The local query options are:

       +[no]aaflag
              A synonym for +[no]aaonly.

       +[no]aaonly
              Sets the "aa" flag in the query.

       +[no]adflag
              Set  [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the query. This
              requests the server to return whether all of the answer and  au-
              thority  sections have all been validated as secure according to
              the security policy of  the  server.  AD=1  indicates  that  all
              records have been validated as secure and the answer is not from
              a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part of the answer  was
              insecure or not validated.  This bit is set by default.

       +bufsize=B
              Set  the  UDP  message  buffer  size advertised using EDNS0 to B
              bytes. The maximum and minimum sizes of this  buffer  are  65535
              and  0 respectively. Values outside this range are rounded up or
              down appropriately. Values other than zero  will  cause  a  EDNS
              query to be sent.

       +[no]cdflag
              Set  [do  not  set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in the query.
              This requests the server to not perform DNSSEC validation of re-
              sponses.

       +[no]cookie=####
              Send  a  COOKIE  EDNS  option,  with optional value. Replaying a
              COOKIE from a previous response will allow the server  to  iden-
              tify a previous client. The default is +nocookie.

       +[no]dnssec
              Requests  DNSSEC  records  be  sent by setting the DNSSEC OK bit
              (DO) in the OPT record in the additional section of the query.

       +[no]edns[=#]
              Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values  are  0  to
              255.   Setting  the  EDNS  version will cause a EDNS query to be
              sent.  +noedns clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS  is  set
              to 0 by default.

       +[no]ednsflags[=#]
              Set  the  must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the specified
              value.  Decimal, hex and octal encodings are accepted. Setting a
              named  flag (e.g. DO) will silently be ignored. By default, no Z
              bits are set.

       +[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]]
              Specify EDNS option with code point code and optionally  payload
              of value as a hexadecimal string. +noednsopt clears the EDNS op-
              tions to be sent.

       +[no]expire
              Send an EDNS Expire option.

       +[no]nsid
              Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending a query.

       +[no]recurse
              Toggle the setting of the RD  (recursion  desired)  bit  in  the
              query.   This  bit  is set by default, which means mdig normally
              sends recursive queries.

       +retry=T
              Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to server to T in-
              stead  of  the  default, 2. Unlike +tries, this does not include
              the initial query.

       +[no]subnet=addr[/prefix-length]
              Send (don't send) an EDNS Client Subnet option with  the  speci-
              fied IP address or network prefix.

              mdig  +subnet=0.0.0.0/0,  or  simply  mdig  +subnet=0 for short,
              sends an EDNS client-subnet option with an empty address  and  a
              source  prefix-length of zero, which signals a resolver that the
              client's address information must not  be  used  when  resolving
              this query.

       +timeout=T
              Sets  the  timeout for a query to T seconds. The default timeout
              is 5 seconds for UDP transport and 10 for TCP. An attempt to set
              T  to less than 1 will result in a query timeout of 1 second be-
              ing applied.

       +tries=T
              Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server to  T  in-
              stead of the default, 3. If T is less than or equal to zero, the
              number of tries is silently rounded up to 1.

       +udptimeout=T
              Sets the timeout between UDP query retries.

       +[no]unknownformat
              Print all RDATA in unknown  RR  type  presentation  format  (RFC
              3597).   The  default  is  to print RDATA for known types in the
              type's presentation format.

       +[no]yaml
              Print the responses in a detailed YAML format.

       +[no]zflag
              Set [do not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag  in  a  DNS
              query.  This flag is off by default.

SEE ALSO
       dig(1), RFC 1035.

AUTHOR
       Internet Systems Consortium

COPYRIGHT
       2020, Internet Systems Consortium

9.16.8-Debian                     2020-10-13                           MDIG(1)

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