newaliases(8)



EXIM4(8)                    System Manager's Manual                   EXIM4(8)

NAME
       exim4 - a Mail Transfer Agent

SYNOPSIS
       exim4 [options] arguments ...
       mailq [options] arguments ...
       rsmtp [options] arguments ...
       rmail [options] arguments ...
       runq [options] arguments ...
       newaliases [options] arguments ...

DESCRIPTION

       Exim is a mail transfer agent (MTA) developed at the University of Cam-
       bridge.  It is a large program with very many facilities.  For  a  full
       specification,  see the reference manual. This man page contains only a
       description of the command line options. It has been automatically gen-
       erated  from  the  reference  manual source, hopefully without too much
       mangling.

       Like other MTAs, Exim replaces Sendmail, and is normally called by user
       agents  (MUAs)  using the path /usr/sbin/sendmail when they submit mes-
       sages for delivery (some operating systems use /usr/lib/sendmail). This
       path  is  normally set up as a symbolic link to the Exim binary. It may
       also be used by boot scripts to start the Exim daemon. Many  of  Exim's
       command line options are compatible with Sendmail so that it can act as
       a drop-in replacement.

DEFAULT ACTION

       If no options are present that  require  a  specific  action  (such  as
       starting  the daemon or a queue runner, testing an address, receiving a
       message in a specific format, or listing the queue), and there  are  no
       arguments  on  the command line, Exim outputs a brief message about it-
       self and exits.

       However, if there is at least one command line argument, -bm (accept  a
       local  message on the standard input, with the arguments specifying the
       recipients) is assumed. Thus, for example,  if  Exim  is  installed  in
       /usr/sbin, you can send a message from the command line like this:

         /usr/sbin/exim4 -i <recipient-address(es)>
         <message content, including all the header lines>
         CTRL-D

       The  -i  option  prevents a line containing just a dot from terminating
       the message. Only an end-of-file (generated by typing CTRL-D if the in-
       put is from a terminal) does so.

SETTING OPTIONS BY PROGRAM NAME

       If  an Exim binary is called using one of the names listed in this sec-
       tion (typically via a symbolic link), certain options are assumed.

       mailq  Behave as if the option -bp were present before  any  other  op-
              tions.  The -bp option requests a listing of the contents of the
              mail queue on the standard output.

       rsmtp  Behaves as if the option -bS were present before any  other  op-
              tions,  for compatibility with Smail. The -bS option is used for
              reading in a number of messages in batched SMTP format.

       rmail  Behave as if the -i and -oee options  were  present  before  any
              other  options,  for compatibility with Smail. The name rmail is
              used as an interface by some UUCP systems. The -i option  speci-
              fies  that  a  dot  on  a  line  by  itself does not terminate a
              non-SMTP message; -oee requests that errors detected in non-SMTP
              messages be reported by emailing the sender.

       runq   Behave  as  if  the  option -q were present before any other op-
              tions, for compatibility with Smail. The -q option causes a sin-
              gle  queue  runner process to be started. It processes the queue
              once, then exits.

       newaliases
              Behave as if the option -bi were present before  any  other  op-
              tions,  for compatibility with Sendmail. This option is used for
              rebuilding Sendmail's alias file. Exim does not have the concept
              of a single alias file, but can be configured to run a specified
              command if called with the -bi option.

OPTIONS

       --        This is a pseudo-option whose only purpose  is  to  terminate
                 the  options  and  therefore to cause subsequent command line
                 items to be treated as arguments rather than options, even if
                 they begin with hyphens.

       --help    This  option  causes  Exim  to output a few sentences stating
                 what it is.  The same output is generated if the Exim  binary
                 is called with no options and no arguments.

       --version This  option  is an alias for -bV and causes version informa-
                 tion to be displayed.

       -Ac       -Am These options are used by Sendmail for selecting configu-
                 ration files and are ignored by Exim.

       -B<type>  This  is  a Sendmail option for selecting 7 or 8 bit process-
                 ing. Exim is 8-bit clean; it ignores this option.

       -bd       This option runs Exim as a  daemon,  awaiting  incoming  SMTP
                 connections.  Usually  the  -bd  option  is combined with the
                 -q<time> option, to specify that the daemon should also  ini-
                 tiate periodic queue runs.

                 The  -bd  option can be used only by an admin user. If either
                 of the -d (debugging) or -v (verifying) options are set,  the
                 daemon  does  not  disconnect  from the controlling terminal.
                 When running this way, it can be stopped by pressing ctrl-C.

                 By default, Exim listens  for  incoming  connections  to  the
                 standard SMTP port on all the host's running interfaces. How-
                 ever, it is possible to listen on other  ports,  on  multiple
                 ports, and only on specific interfaces.

                 When  a  listening  daemon  is started without the use of -oX
                 (that is, without overriding the  normal  configuration),  it
                 writes  its  process id to a file called /run/exim4/exim.pid.
                 This location can be overridden by setting  PID_FILE_PATH  in
                 Local/Makefile.  The file is written while Exim is still run-
                 ning as root.

                 When -oX is used on the command line  to  start  a  listening
                 daemon,  the process id is not written to the normal pid file
                 path. However, -oP can be used to specify a path on the  com-
                 mand line if a pid file is required.

                 The  SIGHUP signal can be used to cause the daemon to re-exe-
                 cute itself. This should be done whenever  Exim's  configura-
                 tion  file, or any file that is incorporated into it by means
                 of the .include facility, is changed, and also whenever a new
                 version  of Exim is installed. It is not necessary to do this
                 when other files that are referenced from  the  configuration
                 (for  example,  alias  files)  are changed, because these are
                 reread each time they are used.

       -bdf      This option has the same effect as -bd except that  it  never
                 disconnects  from  the controlling terminal, even when no de-
                 bugging is specified.

       -be       Run Exim in expansion testing mode. Exim  discards  its  root
                 privilege,  to prevent ordinary users from using this mode to
                 read otherwise inaccessible files. If no arguments are given,
                 Exim  runs interactively, prompting for lines of data. Other-
                 wise, it processes each argument in turn.

                 If Exim was built with USE_READLINE=yes in Local/Makefile, it
                 tries  to  load  the libreadline library dynamically whenever
                 the -be option is used without  command  line  arguments.  If
                 successful,  it  uses the readline() function, which provides
                 extensive line-editing facilities, for reading the test data.
                 A line history is supported.

                 Long expansion expressions can be split over several lines by
                 using backslash continuations. As in Exim's runtime  configu-
                 ration, white space at the start of continuation lines is ig-
                 nored. Each argument or  data  line  is  passed  through  the
                 string  expansion  mechanism, and the result is output. Vari-
                 able values from the configuration file (for example,  $qual-
                 ify_domain)  are  available,  but  no message-specific values
                 (such as $message_exim_id) are set, because no message is be-
                 ing processed (but see -bem and -Mset).

                 Note:  If  you  use  this  mechanism to test lookups, and you
                 change the data files or databases you are  using,  you  must
                 exit  and  restart  Exim before trying the same lookup again.
                 Otherwise, because each Exim process caches  the  results  of
                 lookups, you will just get the same result as before.

                 Macro  processing  is  done on lines before string-expansion:
                 new macros can be defined and macros will be  expanded.   Be-
                 cause  macros  in the config file are often used for secrets,
                 those are only available to admin users.

       -bem <filename>
                 This option operates like -be except that it must be followed
                 by the name of a file. For example:

                   exim4 -bem /tmp/testmessage

                 The file is read as a message (as if receiving a locally-sub-
                 mitted non-SMTP message) before any of  the  test  expansions
                 are  done.  Thus,  message-specific  variables  such as $mes-
                 sage_size and $header_from: are available.  However,  no  Re-
                 ceived:  header  is added to the message. If the -t option is
                 set, recipients are read from the headers in the normal  way,
                 and  are shown in the $recipients variable. Note that recipi-
                 ents cannot be given on the command line, because further ar-
                 guments are taken as strings to expand (just like -be).

       -bF <filename>
                 This  option  is  the same as -bf except that it assumes that
                 the filter being tested is a system  filter.  The  additional
                 commands that are available only in system filters are recog-
                 nized.

       -bf <filename>
                 This option runs Exim in user filter testing mode;  the  file
                 is  the  filter file to be tested, and a test message must be
                 supplied on the standard input. If there are  no  message-de-
                 pendent tests in the filter, an empty file can be supplied.

                 If  you want to test a system filter file, use -bF instead of
                 -bf. You can use both -bF and -bf on the same command, in or-
                 der  to  test  a  system filter and a user filter in the same
                 run. For example:

                   exim4 -bF /system/filter -bf /user/filter </test/message

                 This is helpful when the system filter adds header  lines  or
                 sets filter variables that are used by the user filter.

                 If  the  test filter file does not begin with one of the spe-
                 cial lines

                   # Exim filter
                   # Sieve filter

                 it is taken to be a normal .forward file, and is  tested  for
                 validity under that interpretation.

                 The  result of an Exim command that uses -bf, provided no er-
                 rors are detected, is a list of the actions that  Exim  would
                 try  to take if presented with the message for real. More de-
                 tails of filter testing are given in  the  separate  document
                 entitled Exim's interfaces to mail filtering.

                 When testing a filter file, the envelope sender can be set by
                 the -f option, or by a "From " line at the start of the  test
                 message. Various parameters that would normally be taken from
                 the envelope recipient address of the message can be  set  by
                 means  of  additional command line options (see the next four
                 options).

       -bfd <domain>
                 This sets the domain of the recipient address when  a  filter
                 file  is being tested by means of the -bf option. The default
                 is the value of $qualify_domain.

       -bfl <local part>
                 This sets the local part of the recipient address when a fil-
                 ter  file is being tested by means of the -bf option. The de-
                 fault is the username of the process that calls Exim. A local
                 part  should be specified with any prefix or suffix stripped,
                 because that is how it appears to the filter when  a  message
                 is actually being delivered.

       -bfp <prefix>
                 This  sets  the prefix of the local part of the recipient ad-
                 dress when a filter file is being tested by means of the  -bf
                 option. The default is an empty prefix.

       -bfs <suffix>
                 This  sets  the suffix of the local part of the recipient ad-
                 dress when a filter file is being tested by means of the  -bf
                 option. The default is an empty suffix.

       -bh <IP address>
                 This  option runs a fake SMTP session as if from the given IP
                 address, using the standard input and output. The IP  address
                 may  include a port number at the end, after a full stop. For
                 example:

                   exim4 -bh 10.9.8.7.1234
                   exim4 -bh fe80::a00:20ff:fe86:a061.5678

                 When an IPv6 address is given, it is converted into canonical
                 form.  In  the case of the second example above, the value of
                 $sender_host_address after conversion to the  canonical  form
                 is fe80:0000:0000:0a00:20ff:fe86:a061.5678.

                 Comments  as  to what is going on are written to the standard
                 error file. These include lines beginning with "LOG" for any-
                 thing that would have been logged.  This facility is provided
                 for testing configuration options for incoming  messages,  to
                 make  sure  they  implement the required policy. For example,
                 you can test your relay controls using -bh.

                 Warning 1: You can test features of  the  configuration  that
                 rely  on  ident  (RFC 1413) information by using the -oMt op-
                 tion. However, Exim cannot actually perform an ident  callout
                 when testing using -bh because there is no incoming SMTP con-
                 nection.

                 Warning 2: Address verification  callouts  are  also  skipped
                 when  testing using -bh. If you want these callouts to occur,
                 use -bhc instead.

                 Messages supplied during the testing session  are  discarded,
                 and  nothing  is  written to any of the real log files. There
                 may be pauses when DNS (and other) lookups are taking  place,
                 and of course these may time out. The -oMi option can be used
                 to specify a specific IP interface and port if this is impor-
                 tant, and -oMaa and -oMai can be used to set parameters as if
                 the SMTP session were authenticated.

                 The exim_checkaccess utility is a "packaged" version  of  -bh
                 whose  output  just  states whether a given recipient address
                 from a given host is acceptable or not.

                 Features such as authentication  and  encryption,  where  the
                 client  input is not plain text, cannot easily be tested with
                 -bh. Instead, you should use a specialized SMTP test  program
                 such as swaks.

       -bhc <IP address>
                 This  option operates in the same way as -bh, except that ad-
                 dress verification callouts are performed if  required.  This
                 includes consulting and updating the callout cache database.

       -bi       Sendmail  interprets  the  -bi option as a request to rebuild
                 its alias file.  Exim does not have the concept of  a  single
                 alias  file,  and so it cannot mimic this behaviour. However,
                 calls to /usr/lib/sendmail with the -bi option tend to appear
                 in various scripts such as NIS make files, so the option must
                 be recognized.

                 If -bi is encountered, the command specified by  the  bi_com-
                 mand  configuration  option  is run, under the uid and gid of
                 the caller of Exim. If the -oA option is used, its  value  is
                 passed  to  the  command  as an argument.  The command set by
                 bi_command may not contain arguments. The command can use the
                 exim_dbmbuild  utility, or some other means, to rebuild alias
                 files if this is required. If the bi_command  option  is  not
                 set, calling Exim with -bi is a no-op.

       -bI:help  We  shall  provide various options starting -bI: for querying
                 Exim for information.  The output of many of  these  will  be
                 intended  for  machine  consumption.   This  one is not.  The
                 -bI:help option asks Exim for a synopsis of supported options
                 beginning -bI:.  Use of any of these options shall cause Exim
                 to exit after producing the requested output.

       -bI:dscp  This option causes Exim to emit an alphabetically sorted list
                 of all recognised DSCP names.

       -bI:sieve This option causes Exim to emit an alphabetically sorted list
                 of all supported Sieve protocol extensions on stdout, one per
                 line.   This is anticipated to be useful for ManageSieve (RFC
                 5804) implementations, in providing that protocol's SIEVE ca-
                 pability  response line.  As the precise list may depend upon
                 compile-time build options, which this option will adapt  to,
                 this is the only way to guarantee a correct response.

       -bm       This  option  runs  an Exim receiving process that accepts an
                 incoming, locally-generated message on  the  standard  input.
                 The  recipients  are  given  as the command arguments (except
                 when -t is also present - see below). Each argument can be  a
                 comma-separated  list  of RFC 2822 addresses. This is the de-
                 fault option for selecting the  overall  action  of  an  Exim
                 call;  it  is  assumed  if  no  other  conflicting  option is
                 present.

                 If any addresses in the message are unqualified (have no  do-
                 main), they are qualified by the values of the qualify_domain
                 or qualify_recipient options, as appropriate. The -bnq option
                 (see  below)  provides  a way of suppressing this for special
                 cases.

                 Policy checks on the contents of local messages  can  be  en-
                 forced by means of the non-SMTP ACL.

                 The  return  code  is zero if the message is successfully ac-
                 cepted. Otherwise, the action is controlled by the  -oex  op-
                 tion setting - see below.

                 The format of the message must be as defined in RFC 2822, ex-
                 cept that, for compatibility with Sendmail and Smail, a  line
                 in one of the forms

                   From sender Fri Jan  5 12:55 GMT 1997
                   From sender Fri, 5 Jan 97 12:55:01

                 (with the weekday optional, and possibly with additional text
                 after the date) is permitted to appear at the  start  of  the
                 message.  There  appears to be no authoritative specification
                 of the format of this line. Exim recognizes  it  by  matching
                 against  the regular expression defined by the uucp_from_pat-
                 tern option, which can be changed if necessary.

                 The specified sender is treated as if it were  given  as  the
                 argument  to  the  -f  option,  but  if  a  -f option is also
                 present, its argument is used in preference  to  the  address
                 taken  from the message. The caller of Exim must be a trusted
                 user for the sender of a message to be set in this way.

       -bmalware <filename>
                 This debugging option causes Exim to scan the given  file  or
                 directory  (depending  on  the used scanner interface), using
                 the malware scanning framework.  The option of av_scanner in-
                 fluences  this  option, so if av_scanner's value is dependent
                 upon an expansion then the  expansion  should  have  defaults
                 which  apply to this invocation.  ACLs are not invoked, so if
                 av_scanner references an ACL variable then that variable will
                 never be populated and -bmalware will fail.

                 Exim will have changed working directory before resolving the
                 filename, so using fully qualified  pathnames  is  advisable.
                 Exim  will  be running as the Exim user when it tries to open
                 the file, rather than as the invoking user.  This option  re-
                 quires admin privileges.

                 The  -bmalware  option will not be extended to be more gener-
                 ally useful, there are better tools for file-scanning.   This
                 option exists to help administrators verify their Exim and AV
                 scanner configuration.

       -bnq      By default,  Exim  automatically  qualifies  unqualified  ad-
                 dresses  (those without domains) that appear in messages that
                 are submitted locally (that is, not over TCP/IP). This quali-
                 fication  applies  both  to  addresses  in envelopes, and ad-
                 dresses in header lines. Sender addresses are qualified using
                 qualify_domain, and recipient addresses using qualify_recipi-
                 ent (which defaults to the value of qualify_domain).

                 Sometimes, qualification is not wanted. For example,  if  -bS
                 (batch  SMTP) is being used to re-submit messages that origi-
                 nally came from remote  hosts  after  content  scanning,  you
                 probably  do  not  want  to  qualify unqualified addresses in
                 header lines. (Such lines will be present only  if  you  have
                 not enabled a header syntax check in the appropriate ACL.)

                 The  -bnq  option suppresses all qualification of unqualified
                 addresses in messages that originate on the local host.  When
                 this  is  used, unqualified addresses in the envelope provoke
                 errors (causing message rejection) and unqualified  addresses
                 in header lines are left alone.

       -bP       If this option is given with no arguments, it causes the val-
                 ues of all Exim's main configuration options to be written to
                 the  standard  output. The values of one or more specific op-
                 tions can be requested by giving their  names  as  arguments,
                 for example:

                   exim4 -bP qualify_domain hold_domains

                 However,  any  option  setting  that  is preceded by the word
                 "hide" in the configuration file is not shown in full, except
                 to  an  admin user. For other users, the output is as in this
                 example:

                   mysql_servers = <value not displayable>

                 If config is given as an argument, the config is  output,  as
                 it  was  parsed,  any  include file resolved, any comment re-
                 moved.

                 If config_file is given as an argument, the name of the  run-
                 time configuration file is output. (configure_file works too,
                 for backward compatibility.)   If  a  list  of  configuration
                 files was supplied, the value that is output here is the name
                 of the file that was actually used.

                 If the -n flag is given, then for most modes of -bP operation
                 the name will not be output.

                 If log_file_path or pid_file_path are given, the names of the
                 directories where log files and daemon pid files are  written
                 are  output,  respectively.  If  these  values are unset, log
                 files are written in a sub-directory of the  spool  directory
                 called  log,  and  the  pid file is written directly into the
                 spool directory.

                 If -bP is followed by a name preceded by +, for example,

                   exim4 -bP +local_domains

                 it searches for a matching named list of  any  type  (domain,
                 host, address, or local part) and outputs what it finds.

                 If  one  of  the words router, transport, or authenticator is
                 given, followed by the name  of  an  appropriate  driver  in-
                 stance,  the  option settings for that driver are output. For
                 example:

                   exim4 -bP transport local_delivery

                 The generic driver options are output first, followed by  the
                 driver's private options. A list of the names of drivers of a
                 particular type can be obtained by using  one  of  the  words
                 router_list,  transport_list,  or  authenticator_list,  and a
                 complete list of all drivers with their option  settings  can
                 be obtained by using routers, transports, or authenticators.

                 If  environment  is given as an argument, the set of environ-
                 ment variables is output, line by line.  Using  the  -n  flag
                 suppresses the value of the variables.

                 If  invoked  by  an  admin  user,  then macro, macro_list and
                 macros are available,  similarly  to  the  drivers.   Because
                 macros  are sometimes used for storing passwords, this option
                 is restricted.  The output format is one item per line.   For
                 the  "-bP  macro  <name>" form, if no such macro is found the
                 exit status will be nonzero.

       -bp       This option requests a listing of the contents  of  the  mail
                 queue  on  the standard output. If the -bp option is followed
                 by a list of message ids, just those messages are listed.  By
                 default,  this option can be used only by an admin user. How-
                 ever, the queue_list_requires_admin option can be  set  false
                 to allow any user to see the queue.

                 Each  message  in  the queue is displayed as in the following
                 example:

                   25m  2.9K 0t5C6f-0000c8-00 <alice@wonderland.fict.example>
                             red.king@looking-glass.fict.example
                             <other addresses>

                 The first line contains the length of time  the  message  has
                 been  in the queue (in this case 25 minutes), the size of the
                 message (2.9K), the unique local identifier for the  message,
                 and  the  message  sender,  as contained in the envelope. For
                 bounce messages, the sender address is empty, and appears  as
                 "<>".  If  the  message was submitted locally by an untrusted
                 user who overrode the default sender address, the user's  lo-
                 gin name is shown in parentheses before the sender address.

                 If  the  message  is  frozen (attempts to deliver it are sus-
                 pended) then the text "*** frozen ***" is  displayed  at  the
                 end of this line.

                 The  recipients  of the message (taken from the envelope, not
                 the headers) are displayed on  subsequent  lines.  Those  ad-
                 dresses  to  which the message has already been delivered are
                 marked with the letter D. If an  original  address  gets  ex-
                 panded  into  several addresses via an alias or forward file,
                 the original is displayed with a D only when  deliveries  for
                 all of its child addresses are complete.

       -bpa      This  option  operates like -bp, but in addition it shows de-
                 livered addresses that were generated from the  original  top
                 level  address(es) in each message by alias or forwarding op-
                 erations. These addresses are flagged with  "+D"  instead  of
                 just "D".

       -bpc      This  option  counts the number of messages in the queue, and
                 writes the total to the standard output. It is restricted  to
                 admin users, unless queue_list_requires_admin is set false.

       -bpr      This  option  operates like -bp, but the output is not sorted
                 into chronological order of message arrival. This  can  speed
                 it  up  when  there are lots of messages in the queue, and is
                 particularly useful if the output is going  to  be  post-pro-
                 cessed in a way that doesn't need the sorting.

       -bpra     This option is a combination of -bpr and -bpa.

       -bpru     This option is a combination of -bpr and -bpu.

       -bpu      This  option  operates  like  -bp  but shows only undelivered
                 top-level addresses for  each  message  displayed.  Addresses
                 generated by aliasing or forwarding are not shown, unless the
                 message was deferred after processing by a  router  with  the
                 one_time option set.

       -brt      This  option  is for testing retry rules, and it must be fol-
                 lowed by up to three arguments. It causes Exim to look for  a
                 retry  rule  that  matches  the values and to write it to the
                 standard output. For example:

                   exim4 -brt bach.comp.mus.example
                   Retry rule: *.comp.mus.example  F,2h,15m; F,4d,30m;

                  The first argument, which is required, can be a complete ad-
                 dress  in the form local_part@domain, or it can be just a do-
                 main name. If the second argument contains a dot, it  is  in-
                 terpreted as an optional second domain name; if no retry rule
                 is found for the first argument, the second  is  tried.  This
                 ties  in  with  Exim's behaviour when looking for retry rules
                 for remote hosts - if no rule is found that matches the host,
                 one that matches the mail domain is sought. Finally, an argu-
                 ment that is the name of a specific delivery error,  as  used
                 in setting up retry rules, can be given. For example:

                   exim4 -brt haydn.comp.mus.example quota_3d
                   Retry rule: *@haydn.comp.mus.example quota_3d  F,1h,15m

       -brw      This  option  is  for testing address rewriting rules, and it
                 must be followed by a single argument, consisting of either a
                 local  part  without  a  domain, or a complete address with a
                 fully qualified domain. Exim outputs how this  address  would
                 be rewritten for each possible place it might appear.

       -bS       This  option  is used for batched SMTP input, which is an al-
                 ternative interface for non-interactive local message submis-
                 sion.  A number of messages can be submitted in a single run.
                 However, despite its name, this is  not  really  SMTP  input.
                 Exim  reads each message's envelope from SMTP commands on the
                 standard input, but generates no responses. If the caller  is
                 trusted,  or  untrusted_set_sender is set, the senders in the
                 SMTP MAIL commands are believed; otherwise the sender is  al-
                 ways the caller of Exim.

                 The  message  itself is read from the standard input, in SMTP
                 format (leading dots doubled), terminated by a line  contain-
                 ing  just a single dot. An error is provoked if the terminat-
                 ing dot is missing. A further message may then follow.

                 As for other local message submissions, the contents  of  in-
                 coming  batch SMTP messages can be checked using the non-SMTP
                 ACL.  Unqualified addresses are automatically qualified using
                 qualify_domain  and qualify_recipient, as appropriate, unless
                 the -bnq option is used.

                 Some other SMTP commands are recognized in  the  input.  HELO
                 and EHLO act as RSET; VRFY, EXPN, ETRN, and HELP act as NOOP;
                 QUIT quits, ignoring the rest of the standard input.

                 If any error is encountered, reports are written to the stan-
                 dard output and error streams, and Exim gives up immediately.
                 The return code is 0 if no error was detected; it is 1 if one
                 or more messages were accepted before the error was detected;
                 otherwise it is 2.

       -bs       This option causes Exim to accept one  or  more  messages  by
                 reading  SMTP  commands  on the standard input, and producing
                 SMTP replies on the standard output. SMTP policy controls, as
                 defined  in  ACLs are applied.  Some user agents use this in-
                 terface as a way of passing locally-generated messages to the
                 MTA.

                 In  this  usage,  if  the  caller  of Exim is trusted, or un-
                 trusted_set_sender is set, the senders of messages are  taken
                 from  the SMTP MAIL commands.  Otherwise the content of these
                 commands is ignored and the sender is set up as  the  calling
                 user. Unqualified addresses are automatically qualified using
                 qualify_domain and qualify_recipient, as appropriate,  unless
                 the -bnq option is used.

                 The -bs option is also used to run Exim from inetd, as an al-
                 ternative to using a listening daemon. Exim  can  distinguish
                 the  two  cases  by  checking whether the standard input is a
                 TCP/IP socket. When Exim is called from inetd, the source  of
                 the mail is assumed to be remote, and the comments above con-
                 cerning senders and qualification do not apply. In this situ-
                 ation,  Exim  behaves in exactly the same way as it does when
                 receiving a message via the listening daemon.

       -bt       This option runs Exim in address testing mode, in which  each
                 argument is taken as a recipient address to be tested for de-
                 liverability. The results are written to the standard output.
                 If  a test fails, and the caller is not an admin user, no de-
                 tails of the failure are output, because these might  contain
                 sensitive  information  such  as  usernames and passwords for
                 database lookups.

                 If no arguments are given, Exim runs in an  interactive  man-
                 ner, prompting with a right angle bracket for addresses to be
                 tested.

                 Unlike the -be test option, you cannot arrange  for  Exim  to
                 use  the  readline()  function, because it is running as root
                 and there are security issues.

                 Each address is handled as if it were the  recipient  address
                 of  a  message  (compare the -bv option). It is passed to the
                 routers and the result is written  to  the  standard  output.
                 However, any router that has no_address_test set is bypassed.
                 This can make -bt easier to use for genuine routing tests  if
                 your first router passes everything to a scanner program.

                 The  return code is 2 if any address failed outright; it is 1
                 if no address failed outright but at least one could  not  be
                 resolved  for  some  reason. Return code 0 is given only when
                 all addresses succeed.

                 Note: When actually delivering a message, Exim removes dupli-
                 cate  recipient  addresses after routing is complete, so that
                 only one delivery takes place.  This  does  not  happen  when
                 testing  with  -bt;  the  full  results of routing are always
                 shown.

                 Warning: -bt can only do relatively simple testing. If any of
                 the  routers  in  the  configuration  makes  any tests on the
                 sender address of a message, you can use the -f option to set
                 an appropriate sender when running -bt tests. Without it, the
                 sender is assumed to be the calling user at the default qual-
                 ifying  domain.  However,  if  you  have set up (for example)
                 routers whose behaviour depends on the contents of an  incom-
                 ing  message, you cannot test those conditions using -bt. The
                 -N option provides a possible way of doing such tests.

       -bV       This option causes Exim to write the current version  number,
                 compilation  number, and compilation date of the exim4 binary
                 to the standard output.  It also lists the DBM  library  that
                 is  being used, the optional modules (such as specific lookup
                 types), the drivers that are included in the binary, and  the
                 name of the runtime configuration file that is in use.

                 As  part of its operation, -bV causes Exim to read and syntax
                 check its configuration file. However, this is a static check
                 only. It cannot check values that are to be expanded. For ex-
                 ample, although a misspelt ACL verb is detected, an error  in
                 the  verb's arguments is not. You cannot rely on -bV alone to
                 discover (for example) all the typos  in  the  configuration;
                 some realistic testing is needed. The -bh and -N options pro-
                 vide more dynamic testing facilities.

       -bv       This option runs Exim in address verification mode, in  which
                 each  argument is taken as a recipient address to be verified
                 by the routers. (This does not involve any verification call-
                 outs).  During  normal operation, verification happens mostly
                 as a consequence processing a verify condition in an ACL.  If
                 you  want to test an entire ACL, possibly including callouts,
                 see the -bh and -bhc options.

                 If verification fails, and the caller is not an  admin  user,
                 no  details  of  the  failure are output, because these might
                 contain sensitive information such as usernames and passwords
                 for database lookups.

                 If  no  arguments are given, Exim runs in an interactive man-
                 ner, prompting with a right angle bracket for addresses to be
                 verified.

                 Unlike  the  -be  test option, you cannot arrange for Exim to
                 use the readline() function, because it is running  as  exim4
                 and there are security issues.

                 Verification differs from address testing (the -bt option) in
                 that routers that have no_verify set are skipped, and if  the
                 address  is  accepted  by  a router that has fail_verify set,
                 verification fails. The address is verified as a recipient if
                 -bv  is used; to test verification for a sender address, -bvs
                 should be used.

                 If the -v option is not set, the output consists of a  single
                 line  for  each  address,  stating whether it was verified or
                 not, and giving a reason in the latter case. Without -v, gen-
                 erating more than one address by redirection causes verifica-
                 tion to end successfully, without considering  the  generated
                 addresses.  However,  if  just one address is generated, pro-
                 cessing continues, and the generated address must verify suc-
                 cessfully for the overall verification to succeed.

                 When -v is set, more details are given of how the address has
                 been handled, and in the case of address redirection, all the
                 generated  addresses  are  also  considered. Verification may
                 succeed for some and fail for others.

                 The return code is 2 if any address failed outright; it is  1
                 if  no  address failed outright but at least one could not be
                 resolved for some reason. Return code 0 is  given  only  when
                 all addresses succeed.

                 If any of the routers in the configuration makes any tests on
                 the sender address of a message, you should use the -f option
                 to  set an appropriate sender when running -bv tests. Without
                 it, the sender is assumed to be the calling user at  the  de-
                 fault qualifying domain.

       -bvs      This  option  acts  like  -bv,  but verifies the address as a
                 sender rather than a  recipient  address.  This  affects  any
                 rewriting and qualification that might happen.

       -bw       This  option  runs  Exim  as a daemon, awaiting incoming SMTP
                 connections, similarly to the -bd option.  All port  specifi-
                 cations on the command-line and in the configuration file are
                 ignored.  Queue-running may not be specified.

                 In this mode, Exim expects to be passed  a  socket  as  fd  0
                 (stdin) which is listening for connections.  This permits the
                 system to start up and have inetd (or equivalent)  listen  on
                 the  SMTP  ports,  starting an Exim daemon for each port only
                 when the first connection is received.

                 If the option is given as -bw<time> then the time is a  time-
                 out, after which the daemon will exit, which should cause in-
                 etd to listen once more.

       -C <filelist>
                 This option causes Exim to  find  the  runtime  configuration
                 file  from  the given list instead of from the list specified
                 by the CONFIGURE_FILE compile-time setting. Usually, the list
                 will  consist  of  just  a  single  filename, but it can be a
                 colon-separated list of names. In this case, the  first  file
                 that  exists  is used. Failure to open an existing file stops
                 Exim from proceeding any further along the list, and an error
                 is generated.

                 When this option is used by a caller other than root, and the
                 list is different from the compiled-in list,  Exim  gives  up
                 its  root  privilege  immediately, and runs with the real and
                 effective uid and gid set to those of the  caller.   However,
                 if  a  TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST file is defined in Local/Makefile,
                 that file contains a list of full pathnames,  one  per  line,
                 for  configuration files which are trusted. Root privilege is
                 retained for any configuration file so listed, as long as the
                 caller is the Exim user (or the user specified in the CONFIG-
                 URE_OWNER option, if any), and as long as  the  configuration
                 file is not writeable by inappropriate users or groups.

                 Leaving  TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST  unset precludes the possibility
                 of testing a configuration using -C right through message re-
                 ception  and delivery, even if the caller is root. The recep-
                 tion works, but by that time, Exim is  running  as  the  Exim
                 user,  so when it re-executes to regain privilege for the de-
                 livery, the use of -C causes privilege to be  lost.  However,
                 root  can test reception and delivery using two separate com-
                 mands (one to put a message in the queue, using -odq, and an-
                 other to do the delivery, using -M).

                 If  ALT_CONFIG_PREFIX is defined in Local/Makefile, it speci-
                 fies a prefix string with which any file named in a  -C  com-
                 mand  line  option must start. In addition, the filename must
                 not contain the sequence /../.  However, if the value of  the
                 -C  option is identical to the value of CONFIGURE_FILE in Lo-
                 cal/Makefile, Exim ignores -C and proceeds as usual. There is
                 no  default  setting for ALT_CONFIG_PREFIX; when it is unset,
                 any filename can be used with -C.

                 ALT_CONFIG_PREFIX can be used to confine alternative configu-
                 ration  files  to  a directory to which only root has access.
                 This prevents someone who has broken into  the  Exim  account
                 from  running  a privileged Exim with an arbitrary configura-
                 tion file.

                 The -C facility is useful  for  ensuring  that  configuration
                 files  are syntactically correct, but cannot be used for test
                 deliveries, unless the caller is privileged, or unless it  is
                 an  exotic  configuration that does not require privilege. No
                 check is made on the owner or group of the files specified by
                 this option.

       -D<macro>=<value>
                 This  option can be used to override macro definitions in the
                 configuration file. However, like -C, if it is used by an un-
                 privileged  caller, it causes Exim to give up its root privi-
                 lege.  If DISABLE_D_OPTION is defined in Local/Makefile,  the
                 use of -D is completely disabled, and its use causes an imme-
                 diate error exit.

                 If WHITELIST_D_MACROS is defined in  Local/Makefile  then  it
                 should  be a colon-separated list of macros which are consid-
                 ered safe and, if -D only supplies macros from this list, and
                 the  values  are  acceptable, then Exim will not give up root
                 privilege if the caller is root, the Exim run-time  user,  or
                 the  CONFIGURE_OWNER, if set.  This is a transition mechanism
                 and is expected to be removed in the future.  Acceptable val-
                 ues for the macros satisfy the regexp: ^[A-Za-z0-9_/.-]*$

                 The entire option (including equals sign if present) must all
                 be within one command line item. -D can be used  to  set  the
                 value  of  a  macro  to  the  empty string, in which case the
                 equals sign is optional. These two commands are synonymous:

                   exim4 -DABC  ...
                   exim4 -DABC= ...

                 To include spaces in a macro definition item, quotes must  be
                 used.  If  you  use  quotes,  spaces are permitted around the
                 macro name and the equals sign. For example:

                   exim4 '-D ABC = something' ...

                 -D may be repeated up to 10 times on a  command  line.   Only
                 macro names up to 22 letters long can be set.

       -d<debug options>
                 This option causes debugging information to be written to the
                 standard error stream. It is restricted to  admin  users  be-
                 cause debugging output may show database queries that contain
                 password information. Also,  the  details  of  users'  filter
                 files  should be protected. If a non-admin user uses -d, Exim
                 writes an error message to the standard error stream and  ex-
                 its with a non-zero return code.

                 When  -d is used, -v is assumed. If -d is given on its own, a
                 lot of standard debugging data is output.  This  can  be  re-
                 duced, or increased to include some more rarely needed infor-
                 mation, by directly following -d with a  string  made  up  of
                 names  preceded by plus or minus characters. These add or re-
                 move sets  of  debugging  data,  respectively.  For  example,
                 -d+filter  adds  filter  debugging, whereas -d-all+filter se-
                 lects only filter debugging. Note that no spaces are  allowed
                 in the debug setting. The available debugging categories are:

                   acl             ACL interpretation
                   auth            authenticators
                   deliver         general delivery logic
                   dns             DNS lookups (see also resolver)
                   dnsbl           DNS black list (aka RBL) code
                   exec            arguments for execv() calls
                   expand          detailed debugging for string expansions
                   filter          filter handling
                   hints_lookup    hints data lookups
                   host_lookup     all types of name-to-IP address handling
                   ident           ident lookup
                   interface       lists of local interfaces
                   lists           matching things in lists
                   load            system load checks
                   local_scan      can be used by local_scan()
                   lookup          general lookup code and all lookups
                   memory          memory handling
                   noutf8          modifier: avoid UTF-8 line-drawing
                   pid             modifier: add pid to debug output lines
                   process_info    setting info for the process log
                   queue_run       queue runs
                   receive         general message reception logic
                   resolver        turn on the DNS resolver's debugging output
                   retry           retry handling
                   rewrite         address rewriting
                   route           address routing
                   timestamp        modifier:  add  timestamp  to debug output
                 lines
                   tls             TLS logic
                   transport       transports
                   uid             changes of uid/gid and looking up uid/gid
                   verify          address verification logic
                   all             almost all of the above  (see  below),  and
                 also -v

                 The  all  option  excludes  memory when used as +all, but in-
                 cludes it for -all. The reason for this is that +all is some-
                 thing  that  people  tend to use when generating debug output
                 for Exim maintainers. If +memory is included, an awful lot of
                 output  that  is  very rarely of interest is generated, so it
                 now has to be explicitly requested. However, -all  does  turn
                 everything off.

                 The  resolver option produces output only if the DNS resolver
                 was compiled with DEBUG enabled. This is not the case in some
                 operating systems. Also, unfortunately, debugging output from
                 the DNS resolver is written to stdout rather than stderr.

                 The default (-d with no argument) omits expand,  filter,  in-
                 terface,  load,  memory,  pid, resolver, and timestamp.  How-
                 ever, the pid selector is forced when debugging is turned  on
                 for  a daemon, which then passes it on to any re-executed Ex-
                 ims. Exim also automatically adds the pid to debug lines when
                 several remote deliveries are run in parallel.

                 The timestamp selector causes the current time to be inserted
                 at the start of all debug output lines. This  can  be  useful
                 when trying to track down delays in processing.

                 The  noutf8  selector  disables the use of UTF-8 line-drawing
                 characters to  group  related  information.   When  disabled.
                 ascii-art  is  used  instead.  Using the +all option does not
                 set this modifier,

                 If the debug_print option is set in any driver,  it  produces
                 output whenever any debugging is selected, or if -v is used.

       -dd<debug options>
                 This  option  behaves  exactly  like -d except when used on a
                 command that starts a daemon process. In that case, debugging
                 is  turned  off for the subprocesses that the daemon creates.
                 Thus, it is useful for monitoring the behaviour of the daemon
                 without creating as much output as full debugging does.

       -dropcr   This  is  an  obsolete option that is now a no-op. It used to
                 affect the way Exim handled CR and LF characters in  incoming
                 messages.

       -E        This  option  specifies  that  an  incoming  message is a lo-
                 cally-generated delivery failure report. It  is  used  inter-
                 nally  by Exim when handling delivery failures and is not in-
                 tended for external use. Its only effect is to stop Exim gen-
                 erating certain messages to the postmaster, as otherwise mes-
                 sage cascades could occur in some situations. As part of  the
                 same option, a message id may follow the characters -E. If it
                 does, the log entry for the receipt of the new  message  con-
                 tains the id, following "R=", as a cross-reference.

       -ex       There  are  a  number  of  Sendmail options starting with -oe
                 which seem to be called by various programs without the lead-
                 ing  o  in the option. For example, the vacation program uses
                 -eq. Exim treats all options of the form  -ex  as  synonymous
                 with the corresponding -oex options.

       -F <string>
                 This  option  sets  the sender's full name for use when a lo-
                 cally-generated message is being accepted. In the absence  of
                 this option, the user's gecos entry from the password data is
                 used. As users are generally permitted to alter  their  gecos
                 entries, no security considerations are involved. White space
                 between -F and the <string> is optional.

       -f <address>
                 This option sets the address of the envelope sender of a  lo-
                 cally-generated  message (also known as the return path). The
                 option can normally be used only by a trusted user,  but  un-
                 trusted_set_sender can be set to allow untrusted users to use
                 it.

                 Processes running  as  root  or  the  Exim  user  are  always
                 trusted. Other trusted users are defined by the trusted_users
                 or trusted_groups options. In the absence of -f,  or  if  the
                 caller  is  not trusted, the sender of a local message is set
                 to the caller's login name at the default qualify domain.

                 There is one exception to the restriction on the use  of  -f:
                 an empty sender can be specified by any user, trusted or not,
                 to create a message that can never provoke a bounce. An empty
                 sender  can  be  specified either as an empty string, or as a
                 pair of angle brackets with nothing between them, as in these
                 examples of shell commands:

                   exim4 -f '<>' user@domain
                   exim4 -f "" user@domain

                 In  addition,  the use of -f is not restricted when testing a
                 filter file with -bf or when testing or  verifying  addresses
                 using the -bt or -bv options.

                 Allowing  untrusted  users  to change the sender address does
                 not of itself make it possible to send anonymous  mail.  Exim
                 still  checks that the From: header refers to the local user,
                 and if it does not, it adds a Sender: header, though this can
                 be overridden by setting no_local_from_check.

                 White  space  between  -f and the <address> is optional (that
                 is, they can be given as two arguments or one combined  argu-
                 ment).  The sender of a locally-generated message can also be
                 set (when permitted) by an initial "From " line in  the  mes-
                 sage  -  see the description of -bm above - but if -f is also
                 present, it overrides "From ".

       -G        This option is equivalent to an ACL applying:

                   control = suppress_local_fixups

                 for every message received.  Note that Sendmail will complain
                 about  such bad formatting, where Exim silently just does not
                 fix it up.  This may change in future.

                 As this affects audit  information,  the  caller  must  be  a
                 trusted user to use this option.

       -h <number>
                 This  option is accepted for compatibility with Sendmail, but
                 has no effect. (In Sendmail it overrides the "hop count"  ob-
                 tained by counting Received: headers.)

       -i        This option, which has the same effect as -oi, specifies that
                 a dot on a line by itself should not terminate  an  incoming,
                 non-SMTP message. I can find no documentation for this option
                 in Solaris 2.4 Sendmail, but the mailx command in Solaris 2.4
                 uses it. See also -ti.

       -L <tag>  This  option  is  equivalent to setting syslog_processname in
                 the config file and setting log_file_path to syslog.  Its use
                 is  restricted to administrators.  The configuration file has
                 to be read and parsed, to  determine  access  rights,  before
                 this is set and takes effect, so early configuration file er-
                 rors will not honour this flag.

                 The tag should not be longer than 32 characters.

       -M <message id> <message id> ...
                 This option requests Exim to run a delivery attempt  on  each
                 message  in turn. If any of the messages are frozen, they are
                 automatically thawed before the delivery  attempt.  The  set-
                 tings  of queue_domains, queue_smtp_domains, and hold_domains
                 are ignored.

                 Retry hints for any of the addresses are  overridden  -  Exim
                 tries  to  deliver  even if the normal retry time has not yet
                 been reached. This option requires the caller to be an  admin
                 user.  However, there is an option called prod_requires_admin
                 which can be set false to relax this  restriction  (and  also
                 the same requirement for the -q, -R, and -S options).

                 The  deliveries  happen  synchronously, that is, the original
                 Exim process does not terminate until all  the  delivery  at-
                 tempts have finished. No output is produced unless there is a
                 serious error. If you want to see what is happening, use  the
                 -v option as well, or inspect Exim's main log.

       -Mar <message id> <address> <address> ...
                 This option requests Exim to add the addresses to the list of
                 recipients of the message ("ar" for  "add  recipients").  The
                 first  argument  must be a message id, and the remaining ones
                 must be email addresses. However, if the  message  is  active
                 (in  the  middle  of  a delivery attempt), it is not altered.
                 This option can be used only by an admin user.

       -MC <transport> <hostname> <sequence number> <message id>
                 This option is not intended for use by external  callers.  It
                 is  used internally by Exim to invoke another instance of it-
                 self to deliver a waiting message using an existing SMTP con-
                 nection,  which is passed as the standard input. This must be
                 the final option, and the caller must be  root  or  the  Exim
                 user in order to use it.

       -MCA      This  option  is not intended for use by external callers. It
                 is used internally by Exim in conjunction with  the  -MC  op-
                 tion. It signifies that the connection to the remote host has
                 been authenticated.

       -MCD      This option is not intended for use by external  callers.  It
                 is  used  internally  by Exim in conjunction with the -MC op-
                 tion. It signifies that the remote host  supports  the  ESMTP
                 DSN extension.

       -MCd      This  option  is not intended for use by external callers. It
                 is used internally by Exim in conjunction with the -d  option
                 to  pass  on  an  information  string  on  the purpose of the
                 process.

       -MCG <queue name>
                 This option is not intended for use by external  callers.  It
                 is  used  internally  by Exim in conjunction with the -MC op-
                 tion. It signifies that an alternate queue is used, named  by
                 the following argument.

       -MCK      This  option  is not intended for use by external callers. It
                 is used internally by Exim in conjunction with  the  -MC  op-
                 tion.  It  signifies  that  a  remote host supports the ESMTP
                 CHUNKING extension.

       -MCP      This option is not intended for use by external  callers.  It
                 is  used  internally  by Exim in conjunction with the -MC op-
                 tion. It signifies that the server to which Exim is connected
                 supports pipelining.

       -MCQ <process id> <pipe fd>
                 This  option  is not intended for use by external callers. It
                 is used internally by Exim in conjunction with the -MC option
                 when  the original delivery was started by a queue runner. It
                 passes on the process id of the queue runner,  together  with
                 the  file  descriptor  number of an open pipe. Closure of the
                 pipe signals the final completion of  the  sequence  of  pro-
                 cesses  that  are passing messages through the same SMTP con-
                 nection.

       -MCS      This option is not intended for use by external  callers.  It
                 is  used  internally  by Exim in conjunction with the -MC op-
                 tion, and passes on the  fact  that  the  ESMTP  SIZE  option
                 should  be  used on messages delivered down the existing con-
                 nection.

       -MCT      This option is not intended for use by external  callers.  It
                 is  used  internally  by Exim in conjunction with the -MC op-
                 tion, and passes on the fact that the host to which  Exim  is
                 connected supports TLS encryption.

       -MCt <IP address> <port> <cipher>
                 This  option  is not intended for use by external callers. It
                 is used internally by Exim in conjunction with  the  -MC  op-
                 tion,  and  passes  on  the fact that the connection is being
                 proxied by a parent process for handling TLS encryption.  The
                 arguments  give the local address and port being proxied, and
                 the TLS cipher.

       -Mc <message id> <message id> ...
                 This option requests Exim to run a delivery attempt  on  each
                 message, in turn, but unlike the -M option, it does check for
                 retry hints, and respects any that are found. This option  is
                 not  very  useful  to external callers. It is provided mainly
                 for internal use by Exim when it needs to re-invoke itself in
                 order  to regain root privilege for a delivery.  However, -Mc
                 can be useful when testing, in order to run a  delivery  that
                 respects  retry  times and other options such as hold_domains
                 that are overridden when -M is used. Such a delivery does not
                 count as a queue run.  If you want to run a specific delivery
                 as if in a queue run, you should use -q with a message id ar-
                 gument.  A distinction between queue run deliveries and other
                 deliveries is made in one or two places.

       -Mes <message id> <address>
                 This option requests Exim to change the sender address in the
                 message to the given address, which must be a fully qualified
                 address or "<>" ("es" for "edit sender"). There must  be  ex-
                 actly two arguments. The first argument must be a message id,
                 and the second one an email address. However, if the  message
                 is  active  (in the middle of a delivery attempt), its status
                 is not altered.  This option can be used  only  by  an  admin
                 user.

       -Mf <message id> <message id> ...
                 This  option  requests  Exim  to  mark each listed message as
                 "frozen". This prevents any delivery  attempts  taking  place
                 until the message is "thawed", either manually or as a result
                 of the auto_thaw configuration option.  However,  if  any  of
                 the  messages  are  active  (in  the middle of a delivery at-
                 tempt), their status is not altered. This option can be  used
                 only by an admin user.

       -Mg <message id> <message id> ...
                 This  option  requests  Exim to give up trying to deliver the
                 listed messages, including any that are frozen.  However,  if
                 any  of the messages are active, their status is not altered.
                 For non-bounce messages, a delivery error message is sent  to
                 the sender, containing the text "cancelled by administrator".
                 Bounce messages are just discarded. This option can  be  used
                 only by an admin user.

       -MG <queue name> <message id> <message id> ...
                 This  option  requests that each listed message be moved from
                 its current queue to the given named queue.  The  destination
                 queue  name  argument is required, but can be an empty string
                 to define the default queue.  If the messages  are  not  cur-
                 rently  located in the default queue, a -qG<name> option will
                 be required to define the source queue.

       -Mmad <message id> <message id> ...
                 This option requests Exim to mark all the recipient addresses
                 in the messages as already delivered ("mad" for "mark all de-
                 livered"). However, if any message is active (in  the  middle
                 of  a  delivery attempt), its status is not altered. This op-
                 tion can be used only by an admin user.

       -Mmd <message id> <address> <address> ...
                 This option requests Exim to mark the given addresses as  al-
                 ready  delivered ("md" for "mark delivered"). The first argu-
                 ment must be a message id, and the  remaining  ones  must  be
                 email  addresses. These are matched to recipient addresses in
                 the message in a case-sensitive manner. If the message is ac-
                 tive (in the middle of a delivery attempt), its status is not
                 altered. This option can be used only by an admin user.

       -Mrm <message id> <message id> ...
                 This option requests Exim to remove the given  messages  from
                 the  queue. No bounce messages are sent; each message is sim-
                 ply forgotten. However, if any of the  messages  are  active,
                 their  status is not altered. This option can be used only by
                 an admin user or by the user who originally caused  the  mes-
                 sage to be placed in the queue.

       -Mset <message id>
                 This  option is useful only in conjunction with -be (that is,
                 when testing string expansions). Exim loads the given message
                 from its spool before doing the test expansions, thus setting
                 message-specific variables  such  as  $message_size  and  the
                 header variables. The $recipients variable is made available.
                 This feature is provided to make it easier to test expansions
                 that make use of these variables. However, this option can be
                 used only by an admin user. See also -bem.

       -Mt <message id> <message id> ...
                 This option requests Exim to "thaw" any of  the  listed  mes-
                 sages  that  are  "frozen", so that delivery attempts can re-
                 sume. However, if any of the messages are active, their  sta-
                 tus  is not altered. This option can be used only by an admin
                 user.

       -Mvb <message id>
                 This option causes the contents  of  the  message  body  (-D)
                 spool  file to be written to the standard output. This option
                 can be used only by an admin user.

       -Mvc <message id>
                 This option causes a copy of  the  complete  message  (header
                 lines  plus body) to be written to the standard output in RFC
                 2822 format. This option can be used only by an admin user.

       -Mvh <message id>
                 This option causes the contents of the message  headers  (-H)
                 spool  file to be written to the standard output. This option
                 can be used only by an admin user.

       -Mvl <message id>
                 This option causes the contents of the message log spool file
                 to be written to the standard output. This option can be used
                 only by an admin user.

       -m        This is apparently a synonym for  -om  that  is  accepted  by
                 Sendmail, so Exim treats it that way too.

       -N        This  is  a debugging option that inhibits delivery of a mes-
                 sage at the transport level. It implies -v. Exim goes through
                 many  of  the  motions of delivery - it just doesn't actually
                 transport the message, but instead behaves as if it had  suc-
                 cessfully  done  so. However, it does not make any updates to
                 the retry database, and the log entries  for  deliveries  are
                 flagged with "*>" rather than "=>".

                 Because  -N  discards  any  message to which it applies, only
                 root or the Exim user are allowed to use it with -bd, -q,  -R
                 or  -M. In other words, an ordinary user can use it only when
                 supplying an incoming message to which  it  will  apply.  Al-
                 though  transportation never fails when -N is set, an address
                 may be deferred because  of  a  configuration  problem  on  a
                 transport,  or a routing problem. Once -N has been used for a
                 delivery attempt, it sticks to the message,  and  applies  to
                 any  subsequent  delivery  attempts  that may happen for that
                 message.

       -n        This option is interpreted by Sendmail to mean "no aliasing".
                 For  normal  modes of operation, it is ignored by Exim.  When
                 combined with -bP it makes the output more terse  (suppresses
                 option names, environment values and config pretty printing).

       -O <data> This option is interpreted by Sendmail to mean set option. It
                 is ignored by Exim.

       -oA <file name>
                 This option is used by Sendmail in conjunction  with  -bi  to
                 specify  an alternative alias filename. Exim handles -bi dif-
                 ferently; see the description above.

       -oB <n>   This is a debugging option which limits the maximum number of
                 messages  that  can  be  delivered  down one SMTP connection,
                 overriding the value set in any smtp  transport.  If  <n>  is
                 omitted, the limit is set to 1.

       -odb      This option applies to all modes in which Exim accepts incom-
                 ing messages, including the  listening  daemon.  It  requests
                 "background"  delivery of such messages, which means that the
                 accepting process automatically starts a delivery process for
                 each  message  received,  but  does not wait for the delivery
                 processes to finish.

                 When all the  messages  have  been  received,  the  reception
                 process  exits,  leaving  the delivery processes to finish in
                 their own time. The standard output  and  error  streams  are
                 closed  at  the  start of each delivery process.  This is the
                 default action if none of the -od options are present.

                 If one of the queueing  options  in  the  configuration  file
                 (queue_only  or  queue_only_file,  for example) is in effect,
                 -odb overrides it if queue_only_override is set  true,  which
                 is  the default setting. If queue_only_override is set false,
                 -odb has no effect.

       -odf      This option requests "foreground" (synchronous) delivery when
                 Exim  has accepted a locally-generated message. (For the dae-
                 mon it is exactly the same as -odb.) A  delivery  process  is
                 automatically  started to deliver the message, and Exim waits
                 for it to complete before proceeding.

                 The original Exim reception process does not finish until the
                 delivery  process  for the final message has ended. The stan-
                 dard error stream is left open during deliveries.

                 However,  like  -odb,  this   option   has   no   effect   if
                 queue_only_override  is false and one of the queueing options
                 in the configuration file is in effect.

                 If there is a temporary delivery error during foreground  de-
                 livery,  the message is left in the queue for later delivery,
                 and the original reception process exits.

       -odi      This option is synonymous with -odf. It is provided for  com-
                 patibility with Sendmail.

       -odq      This option applies to all modes in which Exim accepts incom-
                 ing messages, including the listening  daemon.  It  specifies
                 that  the  accepting process should not automatically start a
                 delivery process for  each  message  received.  Messages  are
                 placed  in  the  queue,  and  remain there until a subsequent
                 queue runner process encounters them. There are several  con-
                 figuration  options  (such as queue_only) that can be used to
                 queue incoming messages under certain conditions. This option
                 overrides all of them and also -odqs. It always forces queue-
                 ing.

       -odqs     This option is a hybrid between -odb/-odi and -odq.  However,
                 like   -odb   and   -odi,   this  option  has  no  effect  if
                 queue_only_override is false and one of the queueing  options
                 in the configuration file is in effect.

                 When  -odqs  does  operate, a delivery process is started for
                 each incoming message, in the background by default,  but  in
                 the  foreground  if  -odi  is also present. The recipient ad-
                 dresses are routed, and local deliveries are done in the nor-
                 mal  way.  However, if any SMTP deliveries are required, they
                 are not done at this time, so  the  message  remains  in  the
                 queue  until a subsequent queue runner process encounters it.
                 Because routing was done, Exim knows which messages are wait-
                 ing for which hosts, and so a number of messages for the same
                 host  can  be  sent  in  a  single   SMTP   connection.   The
                 queue_smtp_domains  configuration  option has the same effect
                 for specific domains. See also the -qq option.

       -oee      If an error is detected while a non-SMTP message is being re-
                 ceived  (for  example, a malformed address), the error is re-
                 ported to the sender in a mail message.

                 Provided this error message is successfully  sent,  the  Exim
                 receiving  process  exits with a return code of zero. If not,
                 the return code is 2 if the problem is that the original mes-
                 sage  has  no  recipients, or 1 for any other error.  This is
                 the default -oex option if Exim is called as rmail.

       -oem      This is the same as -oee, except that Exim always exits  with
                 a  non-zero return code, whether or not the error message was
                 successfully sent.  This is the default -oex  option,  unless
                 Exim is called as rmail.

       -oep      If an error is detected while a non-SMTP message is being re-
                 ceived, the error is reported by writing  a  message  to  the
                 standard  error  file (stderr).  The return code is 1 for all
                 errors.

       -oeq      This option is supported for compatibility with Sendmail, but
                 has the same effect as -oep.

       -oew      This option is supported for compatibility with Sendmail, but
                 has the same effect as -oem.

       -oi       This option, which has the same effect as -i, specifies  that
                 a  dot  on a line by itself should not terminate an incoming,
                 non-SMTP message. Otherwise, a  single  dot  does  terminate,
                 though  Exim  does no special processing for other lines that
                 start with a dot. This option is set by default  if  Exim  is
                 called as rmail. See also -ti.

       -oitrue   This option is treated as synonymous with -oi.

       -oMa <host address>
                 A number of options starting with -oM can be used to set val-
                 ues associated with remote hosts  on  locally-submitted  mes-
                 sages (that is, messages not received over TCP/IP). These op-
                 tions can be used by any caller in conjunction with the  -bh,
                 -be,  -bf, -bF, -bt, or -bv testing options. In other circum-
                 stances, they are ignored unless the caller is trusted.

                 The -oMa option sets the sender host address.  This  may  in-
                 clude  a  port number at the end, after a full stop (period).
                 For example:

                   exim4 -bs -oMa 10.9.8.7.1234

                 An alternative syntax is to enclose the IP address in  square
                 brackets, followed by a colon and the port number:

                   exim4 -bs -oMa [10.9.8.7]:1234

                 The  IP  address  is placed in the $sender_host_address vari-
                 able, and the port, if present, in $sender_host_port. If both
                 -oMa and -bh are present on the command line, the sender host
                 IP address is taken from whichever one is last.

       -oMaa <name>
                 See -oMa above for general remarks about the -oM options. The
                 -oMaa  option  sets  the  value of $sender_host_authenticated
                 (the authenticator name).  This option can be used  with  -bh
                 and -bs to set up an authenticated SMTP session without actu-
                 ally using the SMTP AUTH command.

       -oMai <string>
                 See -oMa above for general remarks about the -oM options. The
                 -oMai option sets the value of $authenticated_id (the id that
                 was authenticated).  This overrides the  default  value  (the
                 caller's  login  id,  except  with -bh, where there is no de-
                 fault) for messages from local sources.

       -oMas <address>
                 See -oMa above for general remarks about the -oM options. The
                 -oMas  option sets the authenticated sender value in $authen-
                 ticated_sender. It overrides the sender address that is  cre-
                 ated  from  the  caller's  login  id  for messages from local
                 sources, except when -bh is used, when there is  no  default.
                 For  both -bh and -bs, an authenticated sender that is speci-
                 fied on a MAIL command overrides this value.

       -oMi <interface address>
                 See -oMa above for general remarks about the -oM options. The
                 -oMi  option sets the IP interface address value. A port num-
                 ber may be included, using the same syntax as for  -oMa.  The
                 interface  address  is placed in $received_ip_address and the
                 port number, if present, in $received_port.

       -oMm <message reference>
                 See -oMa above for general remarks about the -oM options. The
                 -oMm  option sets the message reference, e.g. message-id, and
                 is logged during delivery. This is useful when some  kind  of
                 audit  trail is required to tie messages together. The format
                 of the message reference is checked and  will  abort  if  the
                 format  is  invalid. The option will only be accepted if exim
                 is running in trusted mode, not as any regular user.

                 The best example of a message reference is when Exim sends  a
                 bounce  message.   The message reference is the message-id of
                 the original message for which Exim is sending the bounce.

       -oMr <protocol name>
                 See -oMa above for general remarks about the -oM options. The
                 -oMr  option  sets the received protocol value that is stored
                 in $received_protocol. However, it does not apply (and is ig-
                 nored)  when  -bh  or  -bs  is used. For -bh, the protocol is
                 forced to one of the standard SMTP protocol names.  For  -bs,
                 the protocol is always "local-" followed by one of those same
                 names. For -bS (batched SMTP) however, the  protocol  can  be
                 set by -oMr. Repeated use of this option is not supported.

       -oMs <host name>
                 See -oMa above for general remarks about the -oM options. The
                 -oMs option sets the sender host name  in  $sender_host_name.
                 When this option is present, Exim does not attempt to look up
                 a host name from an IP address; it uses the name it is given.

       -oMt <ident string>
                 See -oMa above for general remarks about the -oM options. The
                 -oMt option sets the sender ident value in $sender_ident. The
                 default setting for local callers is  the  login  id  of  the
                 calling  process,  except  when -bh is used, when there is no
                 default.

       -om       In Sendmail, this option means "me too", indicating that  the
                 sender  of  a message should receive a copy of the message if
                 the sender appears in an alias expansion.  Exim  always  does
                 this, so the option does nothing.

       -oo       This  option  is ignored. In Sendmail it specifies "old style
                 headers", whatever that means.

       -oP <path>
                 This option is useful only in conjunction with -bd or -q with
                 a  time  value.  The  option  specifies the file to which the
                 process id of the daemon is written. When -oX  is  used  with
                 -bd,  or when -q with a time is used without -bd, this is the
                 only way of causing Exim to write  a  pid  file,  because  in
                 those cases, the normal pid file is not used.

       -oPX      This option is not intended for general use.  The daemon uses
                 it when terminating due to a SIGTEM, possibly in  combination
                 with -oP <path>.  It causes the pid file to be removed.

       -or <time>
                 This  option  sets a timeout value for incoming non-SMTP mes-
                 sages. If it is not set, Exim will wait forever for the stan-
                 dard  input. The value can also be set by the receive_timeout
                 option.

       -os <time>
                 This option sets a timeout value for incoming SMTP  messages.
                 The  timeout  applies to each SMTP command and block of data.
                 The value can also be set by the smtp_receive_timeout option;
                 it defaults to 5 minutes.

       -ov       This option has exactly the same effect as -v.

       -oX <number or string>
                 This  option  is  relevant only when the -bd (start listening
                 daemon) option is also given. It controls which ports and in-
                 terfaces the daemon uses. When -oX is used to start a daemon,
                 no pid file is written unless -oP is also present to  specify
                 a pid filename.

       -pd       This  option  applies  when  an  embedded Perl interpreter is
                 linked  with  Exim.  It  overrides   the   setting   of   the
                 perl_at_start option, forcing the starting of the interpreter
                 to be delayed until it is needed.

       -ps       This option applies when  an  embedded  Perl  interpreter  is
                 linked   with   Exim.   It   overrides  the  setting  of  the
                 perl_at_start option, forcing the starting of the interpreter
                 to occur as soon as Exim is started.

       -p<rval>:<sval>
                 For compatibility with Sendmail, this option is equivalent to

                   -oMr <rval> -oMs <sval>

                 It  sets  the  incoming  protocol  and host name (for trusted
                 callers). The host name and its colon  can  be  omitted  when
                 only  the  protocol  is to be set.  Note the Exim already has
                 two private options, -pd and  -ps,  that  refer  to  embedded
                 Perl. It is therefore impossible to set a protocol value of d
                 or s using this option (but that does not seem a real limita-
                 tion).  Repeated use of this option is not supported.

       -q        This  option  is normally restricted to admin users. However,
                 there is a configuration  option  called  prod_requires_admin
                 which  can  be  set false to relax this restriction (and also
                 the same requirement for the -M, -R, and -S options).

                 If other commandline options do not specify an action, the -q
                 option  starts one queue runner process. This scans the queue
                 of waiting messages, and runs a delivery process for each one
                 in  turn. It waits for each delivery process to finish before
                 starting the next one. A delivery process may not actually do
                 any  deliveries if the retry times for the addresses have not
                 been reached. Use -qf (see below) if  you  want  to  override
                 this.

                 If  the  delivery  process  spawns other processes to deliver
                 other messages down passed SMTP connections, the queue runner
                 waits for these to finish before proceeding.

                 When all the queued messages have been considered, the origi-
                 nal queue runner process terminates. In other words, a single
                 pass  is  made  over the waiting mail, one message at a time.
                 Use -q with a time (see below) if you want  this  to  be  re-
                 peated periodically.

                 Exim  processes  the waiting messages in an unpredictable or-
                 der. It isn't very random, but it is likely to  be  different
                 each time, which is all that matters.  If one particular mes-
                 sage screws up a remote MTA, other messages to the  same  MTA
                 have a chance of getting through if they get tried first.

                 It is possible to cause the messages to be processed in lexi-
                 cal message id order, which is essentially the order in which
                 they  arrived,  by setting the queue_run_in_order option, but
                 this is not recommended for normal use.

       -q<qflags>
                 The -q option may be followed by one  or  more  flag  letters
                 that change its behaviour. They are all optional, but if more
                 than one is present, they must appear in the  correct  order.
                 Each flag is described in a separate item below.

       -qq...    An  option  starting with -qq requests a two-stage queue run.
                 In  the  first  stage,  the  queue  is  scanned  as  if   the
                 queue_smtp_domains option matched every domain. Addresses are
                 routed, local deliveries happen, but no remote transports are
                 run.   Performance will be best if the queue_run_in_order op-
                 tion is false.

                 The hints database that remembers which messages are  waiting
                 for  specific hosts is updated, as if delivery to those hosts
                 had been deferred. After this is complete, a  second,  normal
                 queue scan happens, with routing and delivery taking place as
                 normal. Messages that are routed  to  the  same  host  should
                 mostly  be delivered down a single SMTP connection because of
                 the hints that were set up during the first queue scan.  This
                 option  may be useful for hosts that are connected to the In-
                 ternet intermittently.

       -q[q]i... If the i flag is present, the queue runner runs delivery pro-
                 cesses  only  for those messages that haven't previously been
                 tried. (i stands for "initial delivery".) This can be helpful
                 if  you are putting messages in the queue using -odq and want
                 a queue runner just to process the new messages.

       -q[q][i]f...
                 If one f flag is present, a delivery attempt  is  forced  for
                 each   non-frozen  message,  whereas  without  f  only  those
                 non-frozen addresses that have passed their retry  times  are
                 tried.

       -q[q][i]ff...
                 If ff is present, a delivery attempt is forced for every mes-
                 sage, whether frozen or not.

       -q[q][i][f[f]]l
                 The l (the letter "ell") flag specifies that only  local  de-
                 liveries are to be done. If a message requires any remote de-
                 liveries, it remains in the queue for later delivery.

       -q[q][i][f[f]][l][G<name>[/<time>]]]
                 If the G flag and a name is present, the queue  runner  oper-
                 ates on the queue with the given name rather than the default
                 queue.  The name should not contain a / character.  For a pe-
                 riodic queue run (see below) append to the name a slash and a
                 time value.

                 If other commandline options specify an action,  a  -qG<name>
                 option will specify a queue to operate on.  For example:

                   exim4 -bp -qGquarantine
                   mailq -qGquarantine
                   exim4 -qGoffpeak -Rf @special.domain.example

       -q<qflags> <start id> <end id>
                 When  scanning  the queue, Exim can be made to skip over mes-
                 sages whose ids are lexically less than a given value by fol-
                 lowing the -q option with a starting message id. For example:

                   exim4 -q 0t5C6f-0000c8-00

                 Messages  that  arrived earlier than 0t5C6f-0000c8-00 are not
                 inspected. If a second message id is  given,  messages  whose
                 ids  are  lexically  greater than it are also skipped. If the
                 same id is given twice, for example,

                   exim4 -q 0t5C6f-0000c8-00 0t5C6f-0000c8-00

                 just one delivery process is started, for that message.  This
                 differs  from -M in that retry data is respected, and it also
                 differs from -Mc in that it counts as a delivery from a queue
                 run.  Note  that  the selection mechanism does not affect the
                 order in which the messages are scanned. There are also other
                 ways of selecting specific sets of messages for delivery in a
                 queue run - see -R and -S.

       -q<qflags><time>
                 When a time value is present, the -q option  causes  Exim  to
                 run as a daemon, starting a queue runner process at intervals
                 specified by the given time value. This form of the -q option
                 is  commonly  combined  with  the -bd option, in which case a
                 single daemon process handles both functions. A common way of
                 starting up a combined daemon at system boot time is to use a
                 command such as

                   /usr/sbin/exim4 -bd -q30m

                 Such a daemon listens  for  incoming  SMTP  calls,  and  also
                 starts a queue runner process every 30 minutes.

                 When a daemon is started by -q with a time value, but without
                 -bd, no pid file is written  unless  one  is  explicitly  re-
                 quested by the -oP option.

       -qR<rsflags> <string>
                 This  option  is synonymous with -R. It is provided for Send-
                 mail compatibility.

       -qS<rsflags> <string>
                 This option is synonymous with -S.

       -R<rsflags> <string>
                 The <rsflags> may be empty, in which case the white space be-
                 fore  the  string is optional, unless the string is f, ff, r,
                 rf, or rff, which are  the  possible  values  for  <rsflags>.
                 White space is required if <rsflags> is not empty.

                 This  option is similar to -q with no time value, that is, it
                 causes Exim to perform a single queue run, except that,  when
                 scanning the messages on the queue, Exim processes only those
                 that have at least one undelivered recipient address contain-
                 ing  the given string, which is checked in a case-independent
                 way. If the <rsflags> start with r, <string>  is  interpreted
                 as a regular expression; otherwise it is a literal string.

                 If  you want to do periodic queue runs for messages with spe-
                 cific recipients, you can combine  -R  with  -q  and  a  time
                 value. For example:

                   exim4 -q25m -R @special.domain.example

                 This example does a queue run for messages with recipients in
                 the given domain every 25 minutes. Any additional flags  that
                 are specified with -q are applied to each queue run.

                 Once  a  message  is selected for delivery by this mechanism,
                 all its addresses are processed. For the first selected  mes-
                 sage,  Exim  overrides any retry information and forces a de-
                 livery attempt for each undelivered address. This means  that
                 if  delivery  of any address in the first message is success-
                 ful, any existing retry information is deleted, and so deliv-
                 ery  attempts  for that address in subsequently selected mes-
                 sages (which are processed without forcing)  will  run.  How-
                 ever,  if delivery of any address does not succeed, the retry
                 information is updated, and  in  subsequently  selected  mes-
                 sages, the failing address will be skipped.

                 If  the  <rsflags>  contain f or ff, the delivery forcing ap-
                 plies to all selected messages, not just  the  first;  frozen
                 messages are included when ff is present.

                 The  -R  option makes it straightforward to initiate delivery
                 of all messages to a given domain after a host has been  down
                 for  some time. When the SMTP command ETRN is accepted by its
                 ACL, its default effect is to run Exim with  the  -R  option,
                 but it can be configured to run an arbitrary command instead.

       -r        This is a documented (for Sendmail) obsolete alternative name
                 for -f.

       -S<rsflags> <string>
                 This option acts like -R except that  it  checks  the  string
                 against  each message's sender instead of against the recipi-
                 ents. If -R is also set, both conditions must be  met  for  a
                 message  to be selected. If either of the options has f or ff
                 in its flags, the associated action is taken.

       -Tqt <times>
                 This is an option that is exclusively for  use  by  the  Exim
                 testing  suite.  It  is  not recognized when Exim is run nor-
                 mally. It allows for the setting up of explicit "queue times"
                 so that various warning/retry features can be tested.

       -t        When  Exim is receiving a locally-generated, non-SMTP message
                 on its standard input, the -t option causes the recipients of
                 the message to be obtained from the To:, Cc:, and Bcc: header
                 lines in the message instead of from the  command  arguments.
                 The  addresses are extracted before any rewriting takes place
                 and the Bcc: header line, if present, is then removed.

                 If the command has any arguments, they specify  addresses  to
                 which  the message is not to be delivered. That is, the argu-
                 ment addresses are removed from the recipients list  obtained
                 from  the headers. This is compatible with Smail 3 and in ac-
                 cordance with the documented behaviour of several versions of
                 Sendmail,  as described in man pages on a number of operating
                 systems (e.g.  Solaris 8, IRIX 6.5, HP-UX 11). However,  some
                 versions of Sendmail add argument addresses to those obtained
                 from the headers, and the O'Reilly Sendmail book documents it
                 that  way. Exim can be made to add argument addresses instead
                 of  subtracting  them  by  setting  the  option   extract_ad-
                 dresses_remove_arguments false.

                 If  there  are  any Resent- header lines in the message, Exim
                 extracts recipients from all Resent-To:, Resent-Cc:, and  Re-
                 sent-Bcc:  header  lines  instead of from To:, Cc:, and Bcc:.
                 This is for  compatibility  with  Sendmail  and  other  MTAs.
                 (Prior  to release 4.20, Exim gave an error if -t was used in
                 conjunction with Resent- header lines.)

                 RFC 2822 talks about different sets of Resent-  header  lines
                 (for  when  a  message is resent several times). The RFC also
                 specifies that they should be added at the front of the  mes-
                 sage,  and  separated  by  Received:  lines. It is not at all
                 clear how -t should operate in the present of multiple  sets,
                 nor indeed exactly what constitutes a "set".  In practice, it
                 seems that MUAs do not follow the RFC. The Resent- lines  are
                 often added at the end of the header, and if a message is re-
                 sent more than once, it is common for the original set of Re-
                 sent-  headers  to  be renamed as X-Resent- when a new set is
                 added. This removes any possible ambiguity.

       -ti       This option is exactly equivalent to -t -i.  It  is  provided
                 for compatibility with Sendmail.

       -tls-on-connect
                 This  option is available when Exim is compiled with TLS sup-
                 port. It forces all incoming SMTP connections to behave as if
                 the  incoming  port is listed in the tls_on_connect_ports op-
                 tion.

       -U        Sendmail uses this option for "initial  message  submission",
                 and  its documentation states that in future releases, it may
                 complain about syntactically  invalid  messages  rather  than
                 fixing  them when this flag is not set. Exim ignores this op-
                 tion.

       -v        This option causes Exim to write information to the  standard
                 error  stream, describing what it is doing. In particular, it
                 shows the log lines for receiving and delivering  a  message,
                 and  if  an  SMTP  connection  is  made, the SMTP dialogue is
                 shown. Some of the log lines shown may not actually be  writ-
                 ten  to the log if the setting of log_selector discards them.
                 Any relevant selectors are shown with each log line. If  none
                 are shown, the logging is unconditional.

       -x        AIX  uses  -x  for a private purpose ("mail from a local mail
                 program has National Language Support extended characters  in
                 the body of the mail item").  It sets -x when calling the MTA
                 from its mail command. Exim ignores this option.

       -X <logfile>
                 This option is interpreted by Sendmail to cause debug  infor-
                 mation to be sent to the named file.  It is ignored by Exim.

       -z <log-line>
                 This  option  writes  its argument to Exim's logfile.  Use is
                 restricted to administrators; the intent is  for  operational
                 notes.   Quotes  should be used to maintain a multi-word item
                 as a single argument, under most shells.

SEE ALSO
       exicyclog(8),  exigrep(8),   exim_checkaccess(8),   exim_convert4r4(8),
       exim_db(8),  exim_dbmbuild(8), exim_lock(8), eximon(8), exinext(8), ex-
       iqgrep(8),   exiqsumm(8),   exiwhat(8),    update-exim4.conf(8),    up-
       date-exim4defaults(8),                      /usr/share/doc/exim4-base/,
       /usr/share/doc/exim4-base/README.Debian.[gz|html].

       The full Exim specification, the Exim book, and the Exim wiki.

AUTHOR
       This manual page was provided with the upstream  Exim  source  package.
       It was enhanced for the Debian GNU/Linux system.

                                                                      EXIM4(8)

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